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China and India have struggled to resolve territorial disputes in the Himalayas since they fought a brief war in 1962. In the decades since, New Delhi and Beijing have entered and exited hesitant rounds of negotiations to end their military stand-off along the de facto border known as the Line of Actual Control. Hopes for a resolution were put on ice after a bloody border battle in the Galwan Valley in 2020. A breakthrough emerged when a new deal was struck ahead of bilateral talks at the annual Brics summit. Some experts say the agreement could lead to long-term peace, but others remain wary about its vague roll-out.
