India’s 87 million NEET youth represent one of the country’s biggest economic challenges, and potentially its biggest opportunity. A new NITI Aayog report highlights the millions aged 15–29 who are neither studying, working nor training, exposing a widening gap between education and employment. From outdated curricula and weak skills pipelines to shrinking entry-level hiring and barriers facing MSMEs, India’s demographic dividend risks becoming demographic pressure. But the crisis is not irreversible. Better skills, stronger small businesses, more innovation and a shift from job-seeking to job-creation could unlock this generation’s potential. The question is simple: will India create enough opportunities for its young workforce?



